Specimen profile Növényprofil
Allium
Allium is a large genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants with 1112 accepted species, making Allium the largest genus in the family Amaryllidaceae and among the largest plant genera in the world. Many of the species are edible, and some have a long history of cultivation and h... A hagyma (Allium) a spárgavirágúak (Asparagales) rendjébe és az amarilliszfélék (Amaryllidaceae) családjába, azon belül a hagymaformák (Allioideae) alcsaládjába tartozó nemzetség. 1250 fajával a növények egyik legnagyobb fajszámú nemzetsége is egyben. Évelő, hagymás növények, ami...
ClassificationBesorolás
| Scientific name Tudományos név | Allium |
|---|---|
| Common name Köznév | Garlic, leek, onion |
| FamilyCsalád | Amaryllidaceae |
| GenusNemzetség | Allium |
Common NamesKöznevek
- Garlic, leek, onion
- Onion
- Onions
- Wild onion
- Garlic
Botanical Garden LocationBotanikus kerti elhelyezkedés
No mapped garden location yet. Még nincs térképezett kerti helyszín.
ToxicityMérgezés
AboutLeírás
Allium is a large genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants with 1112 accepted species, making Allium the largest genus in the family Amaryllidaceae and among the largest plant genera in the world. Many of the species are edible, and some have a long history of cultivation and human consumption such as the onion, garlic, scallions, shallots, leeks, and chives. Allium species occur in temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere, except for a few species occurring in Chile (such as A. juncifolium), Brazil (A. sellovianum), and tropical Africa (A. spathaceum). They vary in height between 5–150 centimetres (2–59 in). The flowers form an umbel at the top of a leafless stalk. The bulbs vary in size between species, from small (around 2–3 mm in diameter) to rather large (8–10 cm). Some species (such as Welsh onion A. fistulosum and leeks (A. ampeloprasum)) develop thickened leaf-bases rather than forming bulbs as such. Carl Linnaeus first described the genus Allium in 1753. The generic name Allium is the Latin word for garlic, and the type species for the genus is Allium sativum which means "cultivated garlic". The decision to include a species in the genus Allium is taxonomically difficult, and species boundaries are unclear. Estimates of the number of species are as low as 260, and as high as 979. In the APG III classification system, Allium is placed in the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Allioideae (formerly the family Alliaceae). In some of the older classification systems, Allium was placed in Liliaceae. Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown this circumscription of Liliaceae is not monophyletic. Various Allium species have been cultivated from the earliest times. About a dozen species are economically important as crops, or garden vegetables, and an increasing number of species are important as ornamental plants. Plants belonging to this genus produce cysteine-derived organosulfur compounds, which impart a distinctive onion or garlic flavor and scent. Many are used as food plants, though not all members of the genus are equally flavorful. In most cases, both bulb and leaves are edible. The characteristic Allium flavor depends on the sulfate content of the soil the plant grows in. In the rare occurrence of sulfur-depleted growth conditions, all Allium species completely lose their usual odors and flavors.
A hagyma (Allium) a spárgavirágúak (Asparagales) rendjébe és az amarilliszfélék (Amaryllidaceae) családjába, azon belül a hagymaformák (Allioideae) alcsaládjába tartozó nemzetség. 1250 fajával a növények egyik legnagyobb fajszámú nemzetsége is egyben. Évelő, hagymás növények, amik sajátos ízt, illatot adó vegyületeket termelnek. Számos faját termesztik fogyasztásra. A metélőhagyma (Allium schoenoprasum) virágainak íze a legkevésbé markáns. A rózsaszín vagy fehér virágú fokhagyma (Allium sativum) virágának zamata enyhébb a hagymáénál.
Native DistributionTermészetes elterjedés
Detailed RegionsRészletes régiók
Africa Macaronesia Azores Canary Is. Madeira Northeast Tropical Africa Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Somalia Sudan Northern Africa Algeria Egypt Libya Morocco Tunisia Southern Africa Cape Provinces Free State Asia-Temperate Arabian Peninsula Gulf States Kuwait Saudi Arabia Caucasus North Caucasus Transcaucasus China China North-Central China South-Central China Southeast Hainan Inner Mongolia Manchuria Qinghai Tibet Xinjiang Eastern Asia Japan Korea Nansei-shoto Ogasawara-shoto Taiwan Middle Asia Kazakhstan Kirgizistan Tadzhikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Mongolia Mongolia Russian Far East Amur Kamchatka Khabarovsk Kuril Is. Magadan Primorye Sakhalin Siberia Altay Buryatiya Chita Irkutsk Krasnoyarsk Tuva West Siberia Yakutskiya Western Asia Afghanistan Cyprus East Aegean Is. Iran Iraq Lebanon-Syria Palestine Sinai Turkey Asia-Tropical Indian Subcontinent Assam East Himalaya Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka West Himalaya Indo-China Myanmar Vietnam Europe Eastern Europe Baltic States Belarus Central European Russia East European Russia Krym North European Russia Northwest European Russia South European Russia Ukraine Middle Europe Austria Belgium Czechoslovakia Germany Hungary Netherlands Poland Switzerland Northern Europe Denmark Finland Great Britain Ireland Norway Sweden Southeastern Europe Albania Bulgaria Greece Italy Kriti Romania Sicilia Turkey-in-Europe Yugoslavia Southwestern Europe Baleares Corse France Portugal Sardegna Spain Northern America Eastern Canada Labrador New Brunswick Nova Scotia Ontario Prince Edward I. Québec Mexico Mexico Central Mexico Gulf Mexico Northeast Mexico Northwest Mexico Southeast Mexico Southwest North-Central U.S.A. Illinois Iowa Kansas Minnesota Missouri Nebraska North Dakota Oklahoma South Dakota Wisconsin Northeastern U.S.A. Connecticut Indiana Maine Masachusettes Michigan New Hampshire New Jersey New York Ohio Pennsylvania Rhode I. Vermont West Virginia Northwestern U.S.A. Colorado Idaho Montana Oregon Washington Wyoming South-Central U.S.A. New Mexico Texas Southeastern U.S.A. Alabama Arkansas Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Kentucky Louisiana Maryland Mississippi North Carolina South Carolina Tennessee Virginia Southwestern U.S.A. Arizona California Nevada Utah Subarctic America Alaska Aleutian Is. Northwest Territories Nunavut Yukon Western Canada Alberta British Columbia Manitoba Saskatchewan Southern America Central America Guatemala Honduras Introduced into Africa Southern Africa Northern Provinces West Tropical Africa Guinea-Bissau Mauritania Western Indian Ocean Comoros Seychelles Antarctic Subantarctic Islands Falkland Is. Asia-Tropical Indian Subcontinent Bangladesh India Indo-China Cambodia Thailand Malesia Philippines Papuasia Solomon Is. Australasia Australia New South Wales South Australia Tasmania Victoria Western Australia New Zealand New Zealand North New Zealand South Europe Northern Europe Iceland Northern America Eastern Canada Newfoundland Pacific Northwestern Pacific Caroline Is. Southwestern Pacific Fiji Nauru Niue Tonga Southern America Caribbean Cuba Dominican Republic Haiti Jamaica Leeward Is. Puerto Rico Trinidad-Tobago Southern South America Argentina Northeast Argentina Northwest Argentina South Chile Central Western South America Colombia Ecuador Galápagos
Africa Macaronesia Azores Canary Is. Madeira Northeast Tropical Africa Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Somalia Sudan Northern Africa Algeria Egypt Libya Morocco Tunisia Southern Africa Cape Provinces Free State Asia-Temperate Arabian Peninsula Gulf States Kuwait Saudi Arabia Caucasus North Caucasus Transcaucasus China China North-Central China South-Central China Southeast Hainan Inner Mongolia Manchuria Qinghai Tibet Xinjiang Eastern Asia Japan Korea Nansei-shoto Ogasawara-shoto Taiwan Middle Asia Kazakhstan Kirgizistan Tadzhikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Mongolia Mongolia Russian Far East Amur Kamchatka Khabarovsk Kuril Is. Magadan Primorye Sakhalin Siberia Altay Buryatiya Chita Irkutsk Krasnoyarsk Tuva West Siberia Yakutskiya Western Asia Afghanistan Cyprus East Aegean Is. Iran Iraq Lebanon-Syria Palestine Sinai Turkey Asia-Tropical Indian Subcontinent Assam East Himalaya Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka West Himalaya Indo-China Myanmar Vietnam Europe Eastern Europe Baltic States Belarus Central European Russia East European Russia Krym North European Russia Northwest European Russia South European Russia Ukraine Middle Europe Austria Belgium Czechoslovakia Germany Hungary Netherlands Poland Switzerland Northern Europe Denmark Finland Great Britain Ireland Norway Sweden Southeastern Europe Albania Bulgaria Greece Italy Kriti Romania Sicilia Turkey-in-Europe Yugoslavia Southwestern Europe Baleares Corse France Portugal Sardegna Spain Northern America Eastern Canada Labrador New Brunswick Nova Scotia Ontario Prince Edward I. Québec Mexico Mexico Central Mexico Gulf Mexico Northeast Mexico Northwest Mexico Southeast Mexico Southwest North-Central U.S.A. Illinois Iowa Kansas Minnesota Missouri Nebraska North Dakota Oklahoma South Dakota Wisconsin Northeastern U.S.A. Connecticut Indiana Maine Masachusettes Michigan New Hampshire New Jersey New York Ohio Pennsylvania Rhode I. Vermont West Virginia Northwestern U.S.A. Colorado Idaho Montana Oregon Washington Wyoming South-Central U.S.A. New Mexico Texas Southeastern U.S.A. Alabama Arkansas Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Kentucky Louisiana Maryland Mississippi North Carolina South Carolina Tennessee Virginia Southwestern U.S.A. Arizona California Nevada Utah Subarctic America Alaska Aleutian Is. Northwest Territories Nunavut Yukon Western Canada Alberta British Columbia Manitoba Saskatchewan Southern America Central America Guatemala Honduras Introduced into Africa Southern Africa Northern Provinces West Tropical Africa Guinea-Bissau Mauritania Western Indian Ocean Comoros Seychelles Antarctic Subantarctic Islands Falkland Is. Asia-Tropical Indian Subcontinent Bangladesh India Indo-China Cambodia Thailand Malesia Philippines Papuasia Solomon Is. Australasia Australia New South Wales South Australia Tasmania Victoria Western Australia New Zealand New Zealand North New Zealand South Europe Northern Europe Iceland Northern America Eastern Canada Newfoundland Pacific Northwestern Pacific Caroline Is. Southwestern Pacific Fiji Nauru Niue Tonga Southern America Caribbean Cuba Dominican Republic Haiti Jamaica Leeward Is. Puerto Rico Trinidad-Tobago Southern South America Argentina Northeast Argentina Northwest Argentina South Chile Central Western South America Colombia Ecuador Galápagos
Data confidenceAdat megbízhatóság: high
SynonymsSzinonimák
- Aglitheis Raf.
- Allium L.
- Anguinum Fourr.
- Ascalonicum P.Renault
- Berenice Salisb.
- Briseis Salisb.
- Butomissa Salisb.
- Calliprena Salisb.
- Caloscordum Herb.
- Camarilla Salisb.
- Canidia Salisb.
- Cepa Mill.
- Codonoprasum Rchb.
- Endotis Raf.
- Geboscon Raf.
- Getuonis Raf.
- Gynodon Raf.
- Hexonychia Salisb.
- Hylogeton Salisb.
- Iulus Salisb.
- Kalabotis Raf.
- Kepa Tourn. ex Raf.
- Kromon Raf.
- Loncostemon Raf.
- Maligia Raf.
- Milula Prain
- Moenchia Medik.
- Molium (G.Don) Haw.
- Moly Mill.
- Molyza Salisb.
- Nectaroscordum Lindl.
- Ophioscorodon Wallr.
- Panstenum Raf.
- Phyllodolon Salisb.
- Plexistena Raf.
- Porrum Mill.
- Praskoinon Raf.
- Raphione Salisb.
- Rhizirideum Fourr.
- Saturnia Maratti
- Schoenissa Salisb.
- Schoenoprasum Kunth
- Scorodon Fourr.
- Stelmesus Raf.
- Stemodoxis Raf.
- Trigonea Parl.
- Validallium Small
- Xylorhiza Salisb.