Elaeis guineensis Jacq.
African Oil Palm / Afrikai Olajpálma
About
Elaeis guineensis is a species of palm commonly just called oil palm but also sometimes African oil palm or macaw-fat. The first Western person to describe it and bring back seeds was the French naturalist Michel Adanson. It is native to west and southwest Africa, specifically the area between Angola and The Gambia; the species name, guineensis, refers to the name for the area called Guinea, and not the modern country Guinea now bearing that name. The species is also now naturalised in Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia, Central America, Cambodia, the West Indies, and several islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The closely related American oil palm E. oleifera and a more distantly related palm, Attalea maripa, are also used to produce palm oil. E. guineensis was domesticated in West Africa along the south-facing Atlantic coast. There is insufficient documentation and as of 2019 insufficient research to make any guesses as to when this occurred. Human use of oil palms may date as far back as 5,000 years in Egypt; in the late 1800s, archaeologists discovered palm oil in a tomb at Abydos, Egypt, dating back to 3000 BCE (but this information needs further investigation, due to recent reviews. The oil found in Abydos may be just date oil or even animal fats). It is the principal source of palm oil. Oil palms can produce much more oil per unit of land area than most other oil-producing plants (about nine times more than soy and 4.5 times more than rapeseed).
Az olajpálma vagy afrikai olajpálma (Elaeis guineensis) az egyszikűek (Liliopsida) osztályának pálmavirágúak (Arecales) rendjébe, ezen belül a pálmafélék (Arecaceae) családjába tartozó faj.
Common Names
- African Oil Palm
- Mavangati Lahi, Mavangati Menaka
- Mbija N'Drume, Mbija Matra
- Oil Palm
- Apwiraiasi
- Dendezeiro
Native Distribution
Detailed Regions
Africa East Tropical Africa Kenya | Africa | East Tropical Africa | Kenya | Tanzania | Uganda | Northeast Tropical Africa Chad | Northeast Tropical Africa | Chad | Sudan | South Tropical Africa Angola | South Tropical Africa | Angola | Malawi | Mozambique | West Tropical Africa Benin | West Tropical Africa | Benin | Gambia, The | Ghana | Guinea | Guinea-Bissau | Ivory Coast | Liberia | Nigeria | Senegal | Sierra Leone | Togo | West-Central Tropical Africa Cameroon | West-Central Tropical Africa | Cameroon | Central African Republic | Congo | Gabon | Gulf of Guinea Is. | Zaire
Data confidence: medium
Synonyms
Show 72 synonyms 72 szinonima megjelenítése
- Elaeis cirrhosa Thouin
- Elaeis dybowskii Hua
- Elaeis guineensis Jacq.
- Elaeis guineensis f. androgyna A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis f. caryolitica Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis f. dioica A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis f. dura Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis f. fatua Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis f. ramosa A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis f. semidura Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis f. tenera Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. albescens Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. androgyna A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. angulosa Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. caryolitica Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. ceredia A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. compressa Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. dioica A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. dura Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. fatua Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. gracilinux A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. idolatrica A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. intermedia A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. leucocarpa Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. macrocarpa A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. macrocarya Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. macrophylla A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. macrosperma Welw.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. madagascariensis Jum. & H.Perrier
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. microsperma Welw.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. nigrescens A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. pisifera A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. ramosa A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. repanda A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. rostrata Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. semidura Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. sempernigra A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. spectabilis A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. tenera Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis subsp. virescens A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis var. albescens Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis var. angulosa Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis var. ceredia A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis var. compressa Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis var. gracilinux A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis var. idolatrica A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis var. intermedia A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis var. leucocarpa Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis var. macrocarpa A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis var. macrocarya Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis var. macrophylla A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis var. macrosperma Welw.
- Elaeis guineensis var. madagascariensis Jum. & H.Perrier
- Elaeis guineensis var. microsperma Welw.
- Elaeis guineensis var. pisifera A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis var. repanda A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis var. rostrata Becc.
- Elaeis guineensis var. sempernigra A.Chev.
- Elaeis guineensis var. spectabilis A.Chev.
- Elaeis humilis Thouin
- Elaeis macrophylla A.Chev.
- Elaeis madagascariensis (Jum. & H.Perrier) Becc.
- Elaeis melanococca Gaertn.
- Elaeis melanococca subsp. semicircularis Oerst.
- Elaeis mocaya Thouin
- Elaeis nigrescens (A.Chev.) Prain
- Elaeis nigrescens A.Chev., 1910
- Elaeis racemosa Thouin
- Elaeis virescens (A.Chev.) Prain
- Elaeis virescens A.Chev.
- Elaeis virescens A.Chev., 1910
- Palma oleosa Mill.